What state of matter is characterized by particles that are electrically charged and moving at high speeds?

What state of matter is characterized by particles that are electrically charged and moving at high speeds?

• A. Gas
• B. Liquid
• C. Solid
• D. Plasma

Answer: (D)

The correct choice describes plasma, which is a state of matter where a significant portion of the particles are ionized, meaning they have lost or gained electrons and carry an electric charge. In plasma, particles are not only charged but also possess high kinetic energy, allowing them to move at high speeds. This high-energy movement results in qualities distinct from those of gases, liquids, or solids. For example, while gases consist of neutral molecules that are in constant motion but not ionized, plasma exhibits unique properties such as conductivity and responsiveness to electromagnetic fields due to the free-moving charged particles. This characteristic makes plasma the most common state of matter in the universe, primarily found in stars, including our sun, and in phenomena like lightning and neon signs. Understanding these properties helps distinguish plasma from the other states of matter, indicating why the correct answer is plasma.

The correct choice describes plasma, which is a state of matter where a significant portion of the particles are ionized, meaning they have lost or gained electrons and carry an electric charge. In plasma, particles are not only charged but also possess high kinetic energy, allowing them to move at high speeds. This high-energy movement results in qualities distinct from those of gases, liquids, or solids.

For example, while gases consist of neutral molecules that are in constant motion but not ionized, plasma exhibits unique properties such as conductivity and responsiveness to electromagnetic fields due to the free-moving charged particles. This characteristic makes plasma the most common state of matter in the universe, primarily found in stars, including our sun, and in phenomena like lightning and neon signs.

Understanding these properties helps distinguish plasma from the other states of matter, indicating why the correct answer is plasma.